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Text File | 1990-11-14 | 55KB | 1,217 lines

*MENU PCbug11's command line can be edited using a number of keys on the host computer. In addition there is a recall buffer which holds the last 16 commands entered. The following keys provide the edit and recall features: left arrow - move cursor back 1 character right arrow - move cursor forward 1 character Home - move cursor to first character End - move cursor to last character delete left - delete to left of cursor Del - delete at cursor position CTRL End - delete from cursor position to end of line Ins - insert at cursor position (cursor changes to blocked cursor) up arrow - recall last entered command down arrow - recall last command in recall buffer Esc - Clear command line In addition, the Esc key can be used to terminate most commands in progress. e.g. MD, DASM, ASM. The 4 lines above the command line provide a trace of the last 4 commands executed. The next line above this displays break point and last error messages. An error code is returned to MS-DOS, with one of the following meanings: Error Code Meaning ---------- ------- 0 No error 1 VERF error 2 MS or BF error 3 Talker communication failure. In MS-DOS Batch files the error code can be checked with ERRORLEVEL. Monitor Commands The following is a list of all commands available from PCbug11, with a short description of their function. A more detailed description follows. PCbug11 Command Summary ASM addr [mne|dir] - Call symbolic macro line assembler, with option to auto insert mnemonic or directive BAUD [rate] - Display/Set serial baud rate BF addr1 [addr2] byte|word - Block fill memory with byte or word BL - Display breakpoints BR [addr [macroname]] - Display/Set break point [with optional Command Macro execution] CALL addr - Execute the subroutine at addr CLRM - Clear all Command Macros CLS - Clear main window CONTROL [parameter] - Display/Change PCbug11 system parameters DASM addr1 [addr2] - Disassemble from addr1 [to addr2] DB startaddr [endaddr] - Display MCU Memory DEBUG - Reserved word DEFINE symbol value|address - Define a symbol DEFM macrnam|TRACE|AUTOSTART - Define Command,Trace or Autostart Macro DELM macrnam|TRACE|AUTOSTART - Delete Command,Trace or Autostart Macro DIR [mask] - Display Disk Directory DOS [command] - Shell to DOS/Execute DOS command EDITM macrnam - Edit a macro EEPROM [startaddr [endaddr]] - Display/Clear/Set EEPROM Address Range(s) EEPROM DELAY option - Set EEPROM erase/write programming time EEPROM ERASE [option] - Display/Change EEPROM Erase-before- Write EPROM [startaddr [endaddr]] - Display/Clear/Set EPROM Address Range(s) EPROM DELAY option - Set EPROM erase/write programming time FIND byte|word addr1 addr2 - Find all occurrences of byte or word between addr1 & addr2 FIND mnemonic addr1 addr2 - Find all occurrences of mnemonic between addr1 & addr2 G [addr] - Start User Code Execution HELP - Display Help Information KLE - Kill last error message LOADM [filename] [macroname] - Load Macro Definitions from Default/User File LOADS filename [loadaddr] - Load S Record File into MCU Memory LS symbol - Display symbols LSTM [mname|TRACE|AUTOSTART] - Display Macro Names/Definitions MD startaddr [endaddr] - Display MCU Memory MM addr - Modify memory from addr MOVE addr1 addr2 addr3 - Move MCU Memory between addr1 & addr2 to addr3 MS addr byte|word [byte|word] - Set MCU Memory Byte(s) or Word(s) MSG [string] - Display Message in Main Window NOBR [address] - Remove all/specified Break Points PAUSE [ms] - Wait for any Key Press/Delay Time PRINT - Display PCbug11 version number PROTECT [startaddr [endaddr]] - Display/Clear/Set Write Protected Address Range(s) QUIT [Y] - Terminate PCbug11 session [without confirming] RD [T] - Display/Trace MCU Registers RESET [addr] - MCU Hardware Reset with Existing/New Reset Vector. RESTART [option] - Restart PCbug11 with Same/New Option. RM - Modify MCU Registers in window RS register value - Set value of MCU register S - Stop User Code Execution SHELL ["command" ;P] - Shell to DOS/ Execute DOS command SAVEM [filename] - Save Macro Definitions in Default/User File T [addr] - Trace User Code TERM [X1 Y1 X2 Y2] - Simple windowed terminal emulator TYPE filename - Display Disk file in Main Window UNDEF symbol - Undefine a symbol VER - Display version number VERF ERASE addr1 [addr2] - Verify that memory contains $FF VERF SET addr1 addr2 value - Verify that memory contains value VERF filename [memaddr] - Verify S record disk file against memory WAIT [ms] - Wait for ms Special Key operations: CTRL B - Send Break on COM channel CTRL P - Toggle MCU Memory Write Protect/RTS line CTRL R - Attempt to re-synchronise talker EVM Compatible commands These commands operate in a similar manner to the command of the same name on the Motorola 68HC11 EVM systems. ASM, BF, BR, G, HELP, MD, MM, NOBR, RD, RM CDS8 Compatible commands These commands operate in a similar manner to the command of the same name on the Motorola CDS8 system. ASM, BAUD, DB, DEFINE, G, HELP, LS, RD, RS, SHELL, T, UNDEF, VER, WAIT *ASM addr [mne|dir] - Call symbolic macro line assembler, with option to auto insert mnemonic/directive Provides single line assembly/disassembly in main window. The assembler is a single pass version of ASMHC11 2.6 and thus supports the same mnemonics and directives. Symbols can be defined within ASM using the standard Motorola syntax. Alternatively, symbols from an (equate) file may be loaded using the INCL operand. Note that mnemonics must be preceded by at least one space following the '>' prompt, otherwise they are treated as labels The same text editing features are available as on the command line. The following keys provide additional features: up arrow decrement prog counter by one. down arrow increment prog counter by one. enter move prog counter to next instruction boundary. Esc Exit ASM and return to command line. In PCbug11 there is the ability to optionally specify on the command line, a mnemonic or directive. If this is done, the ASM command automatically inserts the mnemonic or directive, and immediately returns to the command line. This allows mnemonic insertion or ASM directives to be executed from within a macro, without any input from the user. Usage: ASM $100 Assemble from memory address $100 ASM $100 INCA Insert INCA instruction at memory address $100 ASM Error messages These are reported in the form of numbers the key to which is shown below Error no. Meaning 1 Memory fault : Memory did not modify as expected 200 Syntax : Illegal character in that context 202 Syntax : Syntax error 204 Syntax : Label required (for EQU or SET) 212 Operand : Improper termination of operand field 213 Operand : Illegal addressing mode for operand 214 Address : Illegal forward reference 223 Address : Invalid addressing mode for 68HC11 234 Symbol : Redefined symbol 235 Symbol : Undefined symbol 238 Symbol : Undefined operation 320 Symbol : Error table overflow 321 Symbol : Symbol table overflow 250 Data : Displacement too large (normally branch) 251 Data : Value out of range 252 Data : Address too large for forced direct 255 Data : Division by zero 501 File : File not found *BAUD [rate] - Display/Set serial baud rate Allows user to change the PC's serial baud rate. This command accesses the PC's hardware directly, to allow a wider range of baud rates than can be selected by the MODE command. After execution, the actual baud rate is displayed. This may be different to the requested baud rate. Values in excess of 9600 are available - with a maximum of 38400 baud. Note 1: To maintain Talker contact, the MCU's baud rate must first be set up to the new value. This can either be done by changing the appropriate talker code, or executing an MS command to dynamically change the MCU's baud rate register. Note 2: The default baud rate for bootstrap download is approximately 7812, and for talker communication it is 9600. These may be changed by specifying a different baud rate when PCbug11 is started from the MS- DOS? command line. This feature has been added to allow PCbug11 and all talker codes to work without modification with different MCU crystal frequencies. e.g. if the MCU crystal is 4MHz, then to start up an MC68HC11A8 in bootstrap mode the command is: PCBUG11 -A 3906 This will ensure that PCbug11 uses half the default values (i.e 3906=7812/2) for both download and TALKER communication. Note 3: Changing the baud rate will affect the minimum EEPROM programming time, as the EEPROM programming algorithm used by PCbug11 relies on the serial data transfer time. Usage: BAUD Display current Serial baud rate. BAUD 19200 Change baud rate to 19200 baud. *BF addr1 [addr2] byte|word - Set MCU Memory Byte(s) or Word(s) This command forces an 8 bit or 16 bit value into MCU memory, starting at address <addr1> and finishing at address <addr2>. If <addr2> is not specified then only <addr1> itself is modified. If the starting address is in an EEPROM block (as specified by the EEPROM command), then an EEPROM algorithm will be used to store the value. This action is completely transparent to the user. Block fill automatically verifies the contents of memory filled. Note: When setting memory to $00, ensure that the $00 is not specified in the most significant byte of a 16 bit value, as this will be interpreted as an 8 bit value and may result in incorrect addressing of MCU memory. Usage: BF $1000 $AA Set MCU memory address $1000 to a value of $AA BF $C000 $CFFF $D3 Set MCU memory addresses $C000 to $CFFF to the value $D3. BF $00 $FF $FF00 Set MCU memory addresses $00 to $FF to values $FF,$00,$FF,$00 alternately. Related commands: DB,MD,MS *BL - Display Breakpoints This command displays the list of current breakpoints. The breakpoint is displayed in hexadecimal format and followed by a macro name if one is defined. Usage: BL Display the hexadecimal address of all user defined breakpoints. Any command macro tagged to the breakpoint is displayed in brackets () after the breakpoint Related commands: BR,NOBR *BR [addr [macroname]] - Display/Set break points [with optional Command Macro execution] This command installs an entry in a breakpoint table, to permit suspension of user code execution initiated by the G command. Breakpoints are set in MCU memory only when the user starts execution of code with the G command. Before control is passed to user code, a SWI instruction is placed at every breakpoint address specified in the breakpoint table. PCbug11 can handle user placed SWIs, with some overhead, provided the user's SWI vector is downloaded from an S record file using the LOADS command, and there are no breakpoints at the user SWI instructions. Note that when PCbug11 is first started, it reads the MCU's SWI vector and treats it as the user's. It is possible to have a macro run on reaching a particular breakpoint. If the macro is not defined then PCbug11 will behave as if no macro had been specified. If when listing breakpoints the macro selected is not defined then the name of the macro is displayed preceded by ?. If no macro has been defined for the breakpoint then the macro is displayed as (-). Usage: BR Display the hexadecimal address of all user defined breakpoints. Any command macro tagged to the breakpoint is displayed in brackets () after the breakpoint address. BR $C0F1 $C045 Set breakpoints at MCU addresses $C0F1 and $C045. BR $C023 DISPREG Set breakpoint at MCU address $C023 and execute macro DISPREG when the breakpoint is reached. Related commands: BL,NOBR *CALL addr - Execute the subroutine at addr This command causes the monitor to execute the MCU code located at <addr>. The MCU code must be terminated by an RTS instruction, otherwise monitor operation may be affected. The command has the same affect as the MCU instruction JSR <addr>. The current state of the monitor is unaffected. Related command: G *CLRM - Clear all Command, Trace and Autostart Macros This command removes all macro names and definitions from the current library, including the TRACE macro. It does not affect libraries stored on disc with the SAVEM command. Related commands: DEFM,DELM,EDITM,LSTM,SAVEM,LOADM *CLS - Clear the main window This command clears the main (blue) window on the screen. It also clears the last error/breakpoint messages if they are present. Related commands: KLE *CONTROL [parameter] - Display/Change PCbug11 system parameters If no parameters are specified, then this command displays certain parameters used by PCbug11, which can be modified by the user. The available parameters and their functions are as follows: CONTROL HARDWARE Access serial COM port directly through hardware CONTROL BIOS Access serial COM port through BIOS calls CONTROL RTS Control RTS level directly. CONTROL PROTECT Use RTS to provide memory write protect function CONTROL TIMEOUT value Specify value of serial COM timeout during input CONTROL COM1|COM2 Specify which COM port to use CONTROL ERRMSG 0|1 Disable or enable display of memory error messages CONTROL LAST Toggle last error message window on/off (default on) On startup, PCbug11 determines whether hardware access is possible, and if so, it uses this mode, and enables direct control of the RTS, otherwise it uses BIOS calls to the COM port, and enables memory write protect control. COM1 is used by default, but can be changed by specifying port=2 on the command line when starting PCbug11. e.g. PCBUG11 -A port=2 (See DEFM,SAVEM,LOADM for details of macro libraries) *DASM addr1 [addr2] - Disassemble from addr1 [to addr2] Disassembles MCU memory from address <addr1> for approximately 15 bytes, or to address <addr2> if specified. Disassembled code is displayed in main window. Display halts when the screen is filled. Press any key, except Esc, to continue disassembly for up to 15 bytes, or until address <addr2> is exceeded. Pressing Esc key immediately terminates disassembly. If only addr1 is specified, and it is the same as the current program counter, then disassembly stops after only one line is displayed. This provides a convenient method of tracing program code when using a Trace macro, which should contain the command: DASM *. Note that DASM will display a symbol in place of its value if one exists. Usage: DASM $B3 Disassembles MCU addresses $B3 to $C2 DASM $BF00 $BFFF Disassembles MCU addresses $BF00 to $BFFF Related command: ASM,LS *DB startaddr [endaddr] - Display MCU memory This command displays the contents of memory starting at <startaddr> and ending at <endaddr>. If <endaddr> is not specified then the contents of <startaddr> and the following 15 locations are displayed. Usage: DB $1000 Display MCU memory addresses from $1000 to $100F DB $C000 $CFFF Display MCU memory addresses from $C000 to $CFFF Related commands: BF,MS,MD *DEBUG - Reserved word This command is reserved by PCbug11 for development use. Macros cannot be labelled using this name. *DEFINE symbol value|address - Define a symbol This command allows the user to explicitly define the value of a symbol. Each symbol has a name and a value. The symbol name may consist of lower and/or upper case letters. The case of each letter is sensitive. That is abc does not equal ABC. In use symbols are simply replaced by their value in commands and the value is replaced by the symbol name in a disassembly listing. Usage: DEFINE PORTA $1000 Define symbol PORTA=$1000 DEFINE mask1 45 Define mask1=45 ($2D) Related commands: LS,UNDEF *DEFM macroname|TRACE|AUTOSTART] - Define Command, Trace or Autostart Macro This command allows users to create command sequences (macros), which can be executed simply by typing the name of the macro. Up to 10 parameters can be passed to command macros. Within the macro, the required parameter is specified by the operator @N, where N is a single digit number between 0-9 inclusive. The syntax and use of pass parameters is the same as found in Motorola's assemblers. <macroname> can be any sequence of alphanumeric characters except reserved command names. Macros can be nested up to 5 levels. More than one macro is allowed at a time and these are held in an area known as the macro library. Macro libraries can be saved on disk and loaded again when required. The reserved parameter name TRACE allows the user to define a macro which is executed on completion of every T (trace) command. See T for further details. The reserved parameter name AUTOSTART allows the user to define a macro which is executed automatically on startup of PCbug11. To correctly use the AUTOSTART feature, the macro library containing the macro AUTOSTART must be saved using the SAVEM command. Then, from MS-DOS?, the macro library name must be specified as the last parameter on the command line. e.g. From PCbug11: DEFM AUTOSTART (type in macro definitions in main window. then press Esc key) SAVEM STARTUP QUIT (Quits PCbug11) Then from PC command line: PCBUG11 -A STARTUP (STARTUP library is loaded and AUTOSTART executed, if it exists) The main window is used to type in the macro definition. Other macro names may be included in the definition. To terminate the definition, press the ENTER/RETURN key on a blank line. Once defined, the macro cannot be edited within PCbug11. It may be edited using a standard text editor once the file has been saved, since PCbug11 saves macros in a special text format (see LOADM). Macros can also be defined by the user using a text editor if the special format is used. If the specified macro name already exists, then the existing macro is overwritten by the new definition. Usage: DEFM CONFIG Create macro called CONFIG DEFM TRACE Create macro which is executed after T command DEFM AUTOSTART Create macro which can be executed automatically on startup of PCbug11. Related commands:CLRM,DELM,EDITM,LOADM,LSTM,SAVEM *DELM macroname|TRACE - Delete Command or Trace Macro As all macros must be accommodated within the free memory space available on the PC, this command allows the user to free up space for other definitions. Usage: DELM CONFIG Remove CONFIG macro name and definition DELM TRACE Remove macro name and definition used by T (trace) command Related commands: DEFM,CLRM,SAVEM,LOADM,LSTM *DIR [mask] - Display disk directory This command causes the directory/contents specified by the mask to be displayed. Standard DOS masks apply. Usage: DIR Display contents of current directory DIR *.MCR Display all the files in the current directory with the extension .MCR (macros) DIR \ Display all files in the root directory DIR ..\*.PAS Display all the files in the directory above the current one with the extension .PAS Related command: TYPE *DOS [command] - Shell to DOS/Execute DOS command If no command parameter specified, then DOS causes PCbug11 to shell to MS-DOS?. To return to PCbug11, type EXIT at the DOS prompt. If a command is specified, then PCbug11 will execute the command, and return to PCbug11. Prior to returning, the program PCBUGRTN.EXE is executed (this program must be stored in the same directory as PCBUG11.EXE). This program can be user defined if required. The supplied version simply displays a message and waits for any key press. Usage: DOS COPY *.TXT a:/V Execute COPY command and return to PCbug11 *EDITM macrnam - Edit a macro This command allows the user to edit macros once they are defined/loaded into PCbug11. It is a full screen editor type and uses various function keys to edit the macros. On executing the command PCbug11 displays the first 10 lines of the macro or less if there are fewer lines in a new window. Each line is preceded by a digit 0 to 9. The editor obeys the following commands: <alphanumeric> Insert key pressed into the current macro text. Character will replace current one if insert is off. If insert is on the character will be inserted before current character. <del> The delete key will delete the character current under the cursor. <ins> Toggle insert function on/off. Default is on. <enter> Insert a new line in the macro. <pgdn> The page down key displays the 10 lines following the current cursor line. <pgup> The page up key displays the 10 lines before the current cursor line. <esc> The escape key aborts the edit. The macro is not saved. <F3 key> Complete edit and save alterations in macro library. Note ALT-Q and ALT-E will also perform this function. Users move from line to line by pressing the arrow keys to move in the direction indicated. Lines which do not contain any characters after the edit are removed automatically. There is no direct command to delete a line. If the first characters in the line are spaces then they are removed If the macro does not exist it is created as a null macro. If a null macro is edited, only the first line is displayed (as a blank line). Usage: EDITM macro1 Edit the macro macro1. Related commands: CLRM,DEFM,DELM,LOADM,LSTM,SAVEM *EEPROM [startaddr [endaddr]] - Display/Clear/Set EEPROM Address Range(s) This command allows the user to transparently perform memory modify operations on the 68HC11 internal EEPROM, including the CONFIG register. Once an EEPROM address range is specified, all memory write operations within that range will be handled by the appropriate EEPROM programming algorithm. The command will not accept an address range which includes the PPROG register. Instructions affected: ASM, BR, LOADS, MM,MOVE, MS, NOBR, T Usage: EEPROM Display memory address range to use EEPROM algorithm. EEPROM 0 Clear all EEPROM memory address ranges. EEPROM $103F Enable a write to address $103F to use EEPROM algorithm. EEPROM $B600 $B6FF Enable writes within range $B600-$B6FF to use EEPROM algorithm ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2/ EEPROM DELAY mS - Set EEPROM erase/write programming time This command allows the user to specify the EEPROM Erase and Write programming time, within the range Min_delay to 255mS. The value of Min_delay depends on the serial baud rate, since the EEPROM programming algorithm used by PCbug11 relies on serial data transfer time. With a 9600 baud serial rate, the minimum delay time is 12mS. Note EPROM DELAY has the same effect as this command, care should be taken when using both commands. Usage: EEPROM DELAY 20 Sets the Erase and Write time delay to 20mS EEPROM DELAY Display the delay time in use ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3/ EEPROM ERASE [option] [addr] - Display/Change EEPROM Erase before Write function or bulk erase EEPROM. This command allows the user to enable or disable EEPROM byte erasure before byte programming. The default state is Erase-before-Write Enabled. Another option of this command allows bulk erasure of the EEPROM array at $B600-$B7FF, or at the address specified by <addr>. Usage: EEPROM ERASE Display EEPROM Erase-before-Write state EEPROM ERASE DISABLE Disable EEPROM Erase-before-Write EEPROM ERASE ENABLE Enable EEPROM Erase-before-Write EEPROM ERASE BULK Bulk erase EEPROM array starting at $B600 EEPROM ERASE BULK $E000 Bulk erase EEPROM array starting at $E000 Note: After executing EEPROM ERASE BULK, Erase-before-Write is automatically disabled. This allows the fastest download of S records to EEPROM using the LOADS command. The bulk erase time defaults to approximately 200mS. It is recommended that Erase-before-Write be enabled before executing commands which may modify non-erased EEPROM. e.g. ASM,BR,T *EPROM [startaddr [endaddr]] - Display/Clear/Set EEPROM Address Range(s) This command allows the user to transparently perform memory modify operations on the 68HC711 internal EPROM. Once an EPROM address range is specified, all memory write operations within that range will be handled by the EPROM programming algorithm. The command will not accept an address range which includes EPROG/PPROG. Note that in general the EPROM command will only operate if an external programming voltage is applied. IN GENERAL THE PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE SHOULD NOT BE PRESENT BEFORE Vcc IS PRESENT. ALSO THE PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE SHOULD NOT BE PRESENT AFTER Vcc IS REMOVED. Also the programming voltage is generally applied to the XIRQ pin and so an XIRQ talker may not be used. PLEASE CONSULT THE HC11 DATA/INFORMATION SHEET BEFORE USING PCbug11 WITH EPROM PROGRAMMING. Instructions affected: ASM, LOADS, MOVE, MS, NOBR, T Usage: EPROM Display memory address range to use EPROM algorithm. EPROM 0 Clear all EPROM memory address ranges. EPROM $D000 $FFFF Enable writes within range $D000-$FFFF to use EPROM algorithm ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2/ EPROM DELAY mS - Set EPROM erase/write programming time This command allows the user to specify the EPROM Write programming time, within the range Min_delay to 255mS. The value of Min_delay depends on the serial baud rate, since the EPROM programming algorithm used by PCbug11 relies on serial data transfer time. With a 9600 baud serial rate, the minimum delay time is 12mS. Note EEPROM DELAY has the same effect as this command, care should be taken when using both commands. Usage: EEPROM DELAY 20 Sets the Erase and Write time delay to 20mS EEPROM DELAY Display the delay time in use *FIND byte|word addr1 addr2 - Find a bit pattern in MCU memory <word> is a 2 byte value. This command will read and search through the memory address range specified by the last 2 parameters in the command line. The addresses of all occurrences of the 1st parameter (byte or word) are displayed in the main window. The syntax above is the simplest form, where a byte parameter is simply a value in range $00-$FF and a word is in the range $100-$FFFF. A maximum pattern of 4 consecutive bytes may be searched for. If the pattern contains leading $00s then the 1st parameter after FIND must be the byte count of the pattern to search for. Usage: FIND $AA $E000 $E3FF Find and display all occurrences of $AA in address range $E000 to $E3FF inclusive. FIND $AA55 $B600 $B7FF Find and display all occurrences of $AA55 in 68HC11A1 EEPROM (Addresses $B600 to $B7FF) FIND $0012 $F800 $FFFF Find and display all occurrences of $0012 in address range $F800 to $FFFF. FIND $00 $1234 $C000 $DFFF Find and display all occurrences of $001234 in address range $C000 to $DFFF. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2/ FIND mnemonic addr1 addr2 - Find a mnemonic in MCU memory This syntax eases the search for specific assembler code. The wild card operator ? may be used in the mnemonic operand to force a search for the opcode only. If the mnemonic addressing mode is not an indexed one, then its operand must be immediately preceded, without a space, by one of the following 3 symbols as appropriate: # (immediate); < (direct); > (extended) Usage: FIND LDAA >$1234 $E000 $E200 Find and display all occurrences of LDAA >$1234 in address range $E000 to $E200. FIND LDAB $34,X $C230 $C560 Find and display all occurrences of LDAB $34,X in address range $C230 to $C560 FIND LDX #? $F000 $F2FF Find and display all occurrences of immediate load X opcode in range $F000 to $F2FF Note that a maximum of 4 characters can be searched for. *G [addr] - Start user code execution This command causes the 68HC11 to begin executing the user code. If <addr> is not specified then execution will commence at the current program counter. If <addr> is specified then execution will commence at that address. Usage: G Commence program execution at current program counter G $B600 Commence program execution at $B600 Related command: S *HELP [command] - Display help information This command displays help information in a window which is displayed on top of the main window. If no <command> is specified then a general help screen is displayed. The user may scroll through the help window by using the up and down arrows and page up and page down keys. The user is unable to alter the contents of the help information. The help window is cleared by pressing the ESC key. The help information is stored in a text file called PCBUG11.HLP. The default help option is help MENU which displays the help available. Usage: HELP Display general help menu ( same as HELP MENU) HELP RS Display help for RS command *KLE - Kill last error message This command causes the last error/break point window to be cleared. Usage: KLE Related commands: CLS *LOADM [filename] [macroname] - Load Macro Definitions from Default/User File and optionally immediately execute macro. This command loads a library of previously defined macros stored on disc with the SAVEM command or created by the user using a text editor. The format of the file is checked against the macro rules and is not loaded if the format is not valid - see below. The newly loaded library is added to any existing library. If <macroname> is specified, and exists in the newly loaded library, it is immediately executed after loading. The default extension for loading macro libraries is .MCR. Usage: LOADM Loads macro library from default file PCBUG11.MCR LOADM USERLIB Loads macro library from files USERLIB.MCR LOADM A A Loads macro library from file A.MCR and immediately executes the macro named A. Related commands: CLRM,DEFM,DELM,EDITM,LSTM,SAVEM Valid text format for macro files DEFM macroname BEGIN macro_instructions END macroname is the name of the macro being defined macro_instructions are the PCbug11 instructions which the macro contains Comments are allowed and are enclosed in { } brackets. Note that comments are stripped out by PCbug11 when loaded. If a library is saved any comments present when the macros are loaded are lost. Parameters are passed into macros by the @ symbol. That is @0 will be replaced by the first parameter when calling the macro, @1 will be the second etc. *LOADS filename [loadaddr] - Load S Record File into MCU Memory, at optional new start address. The <filename> parameter in the command is of the form <filename.ext> If no extension is specified then .S19 is assumed by the monitor. The default path is the current working directory, but the user may specify any path and/or drive letter in accordance with the rules of MS-DOS?. Only S1 records are loaded. All other S record types are ignored, as are blank lines. Invalid format lines may generate an error message. The S record data is normally loaded into MCU memory at the addresses specified in the S1 record load address field. However, the S record data can be relocated, during loading, to an alternative starting address by including the required address on the command line. During loading, PCbug11 traps certain mode-dependent user vectors, to give the monitor priority - these vectors are: In Bootstrap mode: SWI - Used for breakpoint and trace processing. In External mode : RESET - Used to start the monitor after a hardware reset. SWI - Used for breakpoint and trace processing. XIRQ - Used by the external ACIA to provide highest priority host communication. Note that all these vectors are available to the user. The only difference is that there is a slight speed overhead associated with their execution. However, if no user breakpoints are defined, then user SWI instructions will be executed in real time, with no monitor overhead. Refer to the source listings of the appropriate talker code to determine the effects of user RESET and XIRQ on your software. *LS symbol - Display Macro Names/Definitions The currently defined symbols are listed by this command. The name symbol may include the * terminator which indicates a wild card character. This may appear only at the end of the symbol name The wild card indicates any combination of letters is possible and is used to display symbols of similar name. Usage: LS * Display all symbols LS one Display value of symbol one LS PORT* Display all symbols which commence with the letters PORT. *LSTM [macroname|TRACE] - Display Macro Names/Definitions This command displays either all macro names in the current library, or the expanded definition of a specified macro. Where macro names are used within a macro definition, the display on the screen is indented at each nested level. Usage: LSTM Display the names of all macros in the current library LSTM CONFIG Display the definition of macro CONFIG LSTM TRACE Display the definition of the macro used after execution of the T (trace) command. Related commands: CLRM,DEFM,DELM,EDITM,LOADM,SAVEM *MD startaddr [endaddr] - Display MCU memory This command displays the contents of memory starting at <startaddr> and ending at <endaddr>. If <endaddr> is not specified then the contents of <startaddr> and the following 15 locations are displayed. Usage: MD $1000 Display MCU memory addresses from $1000 to $100F MD $C000 $CFFF Display MCU memory addresses from $C000 to $CFFF Related commands: BF,DB,MS *MM addr - Modify memory from addr This command modifies memory from the address specified in the command line. The contents of each memory location selected are displayed and the user may then alter this by entering a value or select the next location by pressing return. Memory may also be stepped through by using the up and down arrow keys. The memory modify is completed by pressing the <ESC> key. If the memory area has been predefined as EEPROM or EPROM then the modify will be transparent to the user into these areas. An '=' on the memory line will cause the current location to be modified and then stay at the same address. The command is also terminated by having a '.' on the line. Note that only hex digits are accepted and no digits will be accepted on a line following a '.' . Usage: MM $100 Modify from address $100. Related commands: MS *MOVE addr1 addr2 addr3 - Move memory between addr1 and addr2 to addr3 This command performs a memory move. The contents of the source memory locations are unaltered. The destination address is indicated by addr3 and will be filled with the contents of addr1 to addr2. If the memory area has been predefined as EEPROM or EPROM then the move will be transparent to the user into these areas. Usage: MOVE $100 $150 $200 Move $50 bytes from $100 to $200 *MS addr byte|word [byte|word] - Set MCU Memory Byte(s) or Word(s) This command forces 8 bit or 16 bit values into MCU memory, starting at address <addr>. A maximum of 9 values (8 or 16 bit) can be specified after parameter <addr>. Each value is written to consecutive addresses starting at <addr>. If the starting address is in an EEPROM block (as specified by the EEPROM command), then an EEPROM algorithm will be used to store the value. This action is completely transparent to the user. Note: When setting memory to $00, ensure that the $00 is not specified in the most significant byte of a 16 bit value, as this will be interpreted as an 8 bit value and may result in incorrect addressing of MCU memory. Usage: MS $1000 $AA Set MCU memory address $1000 to a value of $AA MS $C000 $1234 $56 Set MCU memory addresses $C000,$C001,$C002 to the values $12,$34,$56 respectively. MS $50 $55AA $FF00 Set MCU memory addresses $50,$51,$52,$53 to the values $55,$AA,$FF,$00 respectively. Related commands: BF,MD *MSG [string] - Display Message in Main Window Prints string to screen, without command line trace. The RTS line (write protect control) can be toggled if <string> is ^P. *NOBR [address] - Remove all/specified Break Points If no parameter is specified after the command, then all Breakpoints are removed from the breakpoint table, and the SWI vector is restored to its previous state. This implies that, if a user SWI vector had been previously installed by the LOADS command, or was detected when PCbug11 was first started, then user SWIs will run in real time without intervention by PCbug11. If a parameter is specified after the command, then the breakpoint at that address is removed. Usage: NOBR Remove all breakpoints, and restore previous SWI vector. NOBR $E034 Remove breakpoint at address $E034. Related Commands: BR *PAUSE [mS] - Wait for any Key Press/Delay Time The PAUSE command is useful in macros, where macro execution is halted until either a key is pressed, or the specified time has elapsed. Continuation from a PAUSE command is also achieved when the byte value $4B is received on the PC serial port. This allows the target MCU to control the execution of PCbug11 macro commands. Usage: PAUSE Suspend command execution until any key is pressed, or the value $4B is received on the PC serial port. PAUSE 1000 Suspend command execution for 1000mS. Related commands: WAIT *PRINT - Display PCbug11 revision number This command displays the PCbug11 start up message. This shows the Motorola copyright message and the revision number in use. Usage: PRINT Display revision number Related commands:VER *PROTECT [startaddr [endaddr]] - Display/Clear/Set Write Protected Address Range(s) This command allows the user to inhibit PCbug11 from writing to any MCU memory location, either internal or external. Once the command is executed with an address or range of addresses, then PCbug11 will not permit any memory modify operation from taking place on those locations. If this is attempted, then an error message will appear to the right of the command line, indicating that the command has been terminated without modifying the memory location. Note that this command does not inhibit the user's own MCU code from writing to memory addresses. Instructions affected: ASM, BR, LOADS, MOVE, MS, NOBR, T Usage: PROTECT Displays all 'write protected' memory address ranges. PROTECT 0 Clears all 'write protected' memory address ranges. PROTECT $102B Prevents PCbug11 from writing to BAUD register. PROTECT $FFC0 $FFFF Prevents PCbug11 from changing 68HC11 vectors. *QUIT [Y] - Terminate PCbug11 session This command causes PCbug11 to terminate. If <Y> is not specified then a further prompt is required before the session is ended. No check is made to see if breakpoints have been cleared or macros saved before the command is carried out. Usage: QUIT Terminate session (PCbug11 will confirm this with user) QUIT Y Terminate session without confirmation *RD [T] - Display/Trace MCU Registers Without the option <T>, this command displays the current value of the MCU's registers in the register window. With the option T, the registers are displayed in the main window, allowing a continuous register trace to be seen. The command can be executed while the MCU is executing user code. By careful use of both options, the MCU state at a particular point can be permanently frozen on screen, using the RD command alone, whilst continuously displaying the newest state using the RD T option. Related commands: RM,RS *RESET [addr] - MCU Hardware Reset with Existing/New Reset Vector. This command causes the MCU to generate a hardware reset and optionally start execution of user code at <addr> or at the address specified by a previous RESET command. Once the reset occurs, the default implementation of PCbug11 causes the talker code to re-initialised, and then the MCU either idles, if no user specified address was given in the command line, or the talker code jumps to the address specified by <addr> on the command line. Note that once <addr> has been specified, it is maintained in the talker code until replaced by another value. Refer to the appropriate talker code source listing for details. Note: To simulate an external hardware reset, the RESET command forces the MCU to generate an internal reset which also causes the external RESET pin to go low. To produce the internal reset, the Clock Monitor Fail detector is used. PCbug11 implements this by downloading and executing the following code in a reserved area of RAM: STY cme_jmp Clock monitor fail jump address STAA OPTION,X OPTION=$39 STAB TEST1,X TEST1=$3E STOP JMP user_start <- in case STOP doesn't generate CME reset! Where: Y=user reset address X=$1000 Default I/O register base address for M68HC11 ACCA=$08 Enables the clock monitor in the OPTION reg. The values passed to ACCB, CCR and Y depend on the MCU type & operating mode. In Bootstrap mode: If MCU is an 'A8, ACCB=0 to clear the DISR bit in TEST1 reg. For all other devices, ACCB=4 to force the clock monitor reset by setting the FCM bit in TEST1 reg. For all devices, CCR=$40 to enable the STOP instruction and I bit interrupts, and disable XIRQ to allow execution of the instruction after STOP if all else fails! The user reset address is $0000. In External mode: For all devices, ACCB=$0, since TEST1 is not accessible in normal modes. CCR=$10 to enable STOP and XIRQ, and disable I bit interrupts. The user reset address is defined by the user in the appropriate .MAP file Note also that the above reset code forces the value in the Clock Monitor Fail vector, before starting user code execution. This means that the user must dynamically assign this vector in software before using the feature. The effect of this internal reset is identical to an external hardware reset, except that the COP Clock Monitor fail vector is taken instead of the RESET vector - provided the rising edge of the reset output signal is not delayed by external capacitance. Refer to the M68HC11 data book and User manual for details. *RESTART [option] - Restart PCbug11 with Same/New Option. This command performs a complete restart of the monitor, and is equivalent to typing the MS-DOS? command: PCBUG11 option. The only difference is that command macros are retained. Assembler macros and symbols are lost. Usage: RESTART Restart monitor with option specified when PCbug11 was first executed RESTART -XE Restart monitor with -XE option. Equivalent to typing command:PCBUG11 -XE Note: RESTART is useful when complete communication failure occurs, or when the MCU is given an external hardware reset in bootstrap mode. *RM - Modify MCU Registers in window This command allows the MCU registers to be modified in the register window using the normal keyboard editing keys. Each register is fielded in its own section of the window. To move within and between fields, the following keys are used: Up arrow - Move back one register field Down arrow - Move forward one register field Left arrow - Move cursor backwards in current field Right arrow - Move cursor forward in current field Ins - Insert at current cursor position Del - Delete at current cursor position Return - Quit register edit and update all MCU registers Esc - Quit register edit without changing MCU registers Note: All fields, except SXHINZVC can be edited in decimal, binary or hex format. The SXHINZVC field is in binary format only. After quitting the edit the RD command is automatically run to confirm any register changes. Related commands: RD,RS *RS register value - Set value of MCU register This command allows the user to force the value of any MCU register. Only one register at a time may be set. The register window is also updated. Valid options for <register> are: PC, ACCA, ACCB, X, Y, CCR, SP Usage: RS ACCA $61 Set MCU accumulator A to value $61 Related commands: RD,RM *S - Stop user code execution This command causes the 68HC11 to stop executing the user code. Usage: S Stop program execution Related command: G *SHELL ["command" ;P] - Shell to DOS/Execute DOS command If no command parameter specified, then SHELL causes PCbug11 to shell to MS-DOS?. To return to PCbug11, type EXIT at the DOS prompt. If a command is specified, then PCbug11 will execute the command, and return to PCbug11. Prior to returning, the program PCBUGRTN.EXE is executed (this program must be stored in the same directory as PCBUG11.EXE). This program can be user defined if required. The supplied version simply displays a message and waits for any key press. If the ;P option is specified then the command is executed and immediately returns to PCbug11 without running PCBUGRTN. Usage: SHELL "COPY *.TXT a:/V" Execute COPY command and return to PCbug11 *SAVEM [filename] - Save Macro Definitions in Default/User File This command saves on disc, the library of macros created by the DEFM command. Macros are stored on a disc file with extension .MCR. These files are normal text files and can be edited with standard text editors. However, there is a special format used in the macro files which the user must obey at all times if the macros are to be successfully loaded in to PCbug11 again (see LOADM). If the file name is omitted from the command, then the default name of PCBUG11 is used. Note : Users should take care when saving a library to the same file that the library was loaded from. If any comments existed in the original library then they will be lost as PCbug11 strips out comments when loading macros. Usage: SAVEM USERLIB Save macro library in file USERLIB.MCR SAVEM Save macro library in default file PCBUG11.MCR (Equivalent to: SAVEM PCBUG11) Related commands: CLRM,DEFM,DELM,EDITM,LOADM,LSTM,SAVEM *T [addr] - Trace User Code This command single step traces program code from the address specified by the PC value, or addr, to the next logical address. Executing the command causes a SWI to be placed at the next executable address(es). If a command macro called TRACE has been defined, it is executed on completion of the T command. A useful Trace macro is: RD DASM * If the next executable instruction involves a branch to the current address, the trace is disabled, to allow the instruction to execute. However, PCbug11 will still display the TRACE state. Since the Talker is interrupt driven, this does not cause any hang-up of the monitor, and all PCbug11 commands are still available. *TERM [X1 Y1 X2 Y2] - Simple windowed terminal emulator With no options specified, this command starts a simple terminal emulator using the currently defined terminal window. Initially this is the entire screen area. Optional values <X1>,<Y1>,<X2> and <Y2> redefine the window in which the terminal emulator operates. Note that if used, all values must be specified - their meanings are as follows: <X1> - Left column <Y1> - Top row <X2> - Right column <Y2> - Bottom row The values need to be specified only on the first use of the TERM command - they remain in force until replaced by another set of values. To quit the terminal emulator, press the Esc key. *TYPE [filename] - Display contents of filename This command causes the contents of the file filename to be displayed. Standard DOS path names apply. Usage: TYPE RUNTIME.MCR Display contents file RUNTIME.MCR in current directory TYPE \TEMP.BIT Display file TEMP.BIT in root directory TYPE ..\LIST.PAS Display the file LIST.PAS in the directory above the current one Related command: DIR *UNDEF symbol - Undefine a symbol Remove symbol from the symbol table list. The * wildcard character may be used. This character can only be used at the end of a symbol name and indicates a random number of characters. The symbol * can be used on its own and indicates ALL symbols - use with care! Usage: UNDEF one Clear the symbol one UNDEF PORT* Clear all macros whose names begin with the letters PORT UNDEF * Clear all macros *VER - Display PCbug11 revision number This command displays the PCbug11 start up message. This shows the Motorola copyright message and the revision number in use. Usage: VER Display revision number Related commands: PRINT *VERF ERASE addr1 [addr2] - Verify that memory contains $FF This command checks that the memory area specified is erased. That is contains $FF. If addr2 is not specified then the byte at addr1 is checked. If addr2 is specified then the block of memory between addr1 and addr2 is checked. If the memory does not match, then the memory locations which are not erased are displayed along with the value it contains. Usage: VERF ERASE $100 Check address addr1 is erased VERF ERASE $E000 $FFFF Check address block from $E000 to $FFFF is erased ------------------------------------------------------------------------ VERF SET addr1 addr2 value - Verify that memory contains value This command checks the contents of memory from addr1 to addr2 and verifies that each byte is equal to value. If the location is not equal to value then the memory value is displayed. Value is a single byte value Usage: VERF SET $100 $1FF $35 Check that the block from $100 to $1FF contains $35. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ VERF filename [loadaddr] - Verify S Record File against memory. The default extension of <filename> is .S19. The default path is the current working directory, but the user may specify any path and/or drive letter in accordance with the rules of MS-DOS?. Only S1 records are verified. All other S record types are ignored, as are blank lines. Invalid format lines may generate an error message. The S record data is normally compared with MCU memory at the addresses specified in the S1 record load address field. However, the S record data can be compared to an alternative starting address by including the required address on the command line as <loadaddr>. Related command: LOADS *WAIT[ms] - Wait for ms The WAIT command is useful in macros, where macro execution is halted until either a key is pressed, or the specified time has elapsed. Continuation from a WAIT command is also achieved when the byte value $4B is received on the PC serial port. This allows the target MCU to control the execution of PCbug11 macro commands. Usage: WAIT Suspend command execution until any key is pressed, or the value $4B is received on the PC serial port. WAIT 1000 Suspend command execution for 1000mS. Related commands:PAUSE